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3852 items in total found

Working Papers | 1985

Talent and the Pioneering-Innovating Motive

Khandwalla P N

The paper argues that the wish to pioneer and innovate is essential if talented persons are to give their best to society. The paper reports the relationships between the pioneering-innovating and five other motives, namely, growth, effectiveness, conscientiousness, status, and safety, for a sample of 750 Indian professionals, and relationships between these motives and environmental characteristic, long term career choices, fluency, blockage, initiative, etc., for smaller samples of professionals. The paper also presents some intriguing data on the differences in correlations between the six motives under conditions of high and low conflict among motives. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for the nurturance of talent.

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Working Papers | 1985

Discrimination Against Female Workers: An Exploratory Note

Verma Pramod and Thakore Tejal

The objective of this paper is to present a brief review of the literature pertaining to the problem of discrimination. It also provides some data on the implementation of Equal Remuneration Act in Gujarat. Finally, an outline of an action research is suggested.

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Working Papers | 1985

Issues in the Development of the Most Disadvantaged Groups in South Asia

Bhatt Anil

The paper discusses the efforts made in the development of the most disadvantaged groups (MDGs) in South Asia. It delineates four broad factors-the social political context of deprivation, the role of the central levels of political and administrative leadership, management and administration of development of the MDG and technology and research-as impeding the development of MDGs. It argues that a major policy thrust which provides differential services through a separate and differentiated administrative set up which involves the MDG as active and participant group rather than recipient group is called for if the efforts for the development of the MDG is to show any substantial results. This paper was presented as a key paper at the expert group meeting on the cross-national project on the development of the MDG held at Asian Pacific Development Centre, Kuala Lumpur on 29-31, May, 2985.

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Working Papers | 1985

People Participation in Irrigation Projects: Changing Patterns of Himachal Pradesh in India

Shingi P M

The concept of peoples' participation in national economic development has gained renewed significance in recent years. This paper, using a case method of analysis, studies the charging patterns of peoples' participation in irrigation projects of the Himalayan ranges in India and identifies factors which provide or retard participatory behaviour. Three case studies include (1) a century-old community irrigation system showing signs of impending breakdown; (2) a locally managed irrigation system which was handed over to the government for its maintenance and operation; and (3) an irrigation system sponsored by the government to encourage collective ownership and local participation. Through limited in scope, these case studies indicate that medium or long term participation depends on (a) the degree of dependence on the gains from the activity in which participation is required; (b) the degree of dependence on the group effort to achieve those gains; (c) the degree of certainty that the gains would be achieved; (d) the degree of certainty that the common sources would be managed properly; (e) the degree of certainty that the gains would be distributed equitably; (f) the degree of perceived or likely presence of the exploitative element; and (g) the degree of certainty that return would be commensurate with risk and investment, i.e. the opportunity cost of time and efforts.

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Working Papers | 1985

Support Systems for Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Desai G M

Poor agricultural growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is sometimes attributed to the absence of major technological breakthrough. It must be recognized that there is enough scope to raise agricultural production under the prevailing technological environment by removing many deficiencies in the agricultural output marketing and input supply systems. The importance of this strategy cannot be overemphasized as it will improve the agricultural performance in the short-run and facilitate the spread of new technologies when they become available. This brief paper is based on the experiences of Asian countries in tackling the deficiencies in support systems for agricultural development. The three major arguments are as follows. First, an objective assessment of the slack in the existing production system may be crucially important in generating meaningful policy responses. Second, it seems useful to distinguish between marketing systems for food vis-à-vis commercial crops like cotton, tobacco, coffee and cocoa. Although deficiencies in all these systems may be similar, their origins and solutions could be quite different. Third, the questions of how to remove various deficiencies in policies seems much larger and far more complex than just of government's direct involvement in these systems and "faulty" price policies.

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Working Papers | 1985

Investment Opportunities and Gordons Stock Valuation Model-A Note

Ragunathan V and Srinivasan G

The traditional stock valuation model incorporating growth opportunities, fails to recognise the investment opportunities constraint. As a result the conventional model fails to provide an optimum reinvestment ratio and instead provides merely a limit for the same. This note recognises the opportunities constraint explicitly and in the process provides an expression for optimal reinvestment ratio.

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Working Papers | 1985

Innovation in Elementary Education in India

Agrawal B B, Maru Rushikesh, and Subramanian Ashok K

This paper reviews major innovations in primary education in India. The innovations are organized from most simple to the most complex. At the end, the authors have attempted to summarize lesson from the experiences of various innovative projects.

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Working Papers | 1985

Complete Matching in a Trinomial Doubly-Convex Complete Bipartite Graph

Ankolekar Suresh and Patel Nitin R

This paper discusses minimum matching in a trinomial doubly convex bipartite graph. The graph consists of three categories of arcs forming a doubly convex structure. The matching involves lexicographical minimization in required order of categories. Due to the special structure of the problem, certain 'greedy' procedures are found to be optimal.

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Working Papers | 1985

Organizational Effectiveness: Post-1976 Survey of Indian Research

Khandwalla P N

The paper examines the concept, determinants, and implications of the effectiveness of complex organizations in the Indian development context. The terms effectiveness, complex organization, and Indian developmental context are first discussed briefly. A model of organizational effectiveness drawing upon global work on contingency, systems, strategic choice, and synergy approaches is presented. Post-1976 Indian work relevant to organizational effectiveness is surveyed, with the organization as a whole rather than the individual organizational member, as the focus of enquiry. An attempt is made to examine the contribution of this work in terms of the delineated model of organizational effectiveness of strategic organizations that play a vital role in socio-economic development. The review summarizes the findings on the determinants and consequences of organizational effectiveness. It concludes by identifying some major research gaps and proposes several hypotheses to spur fresh research.

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Working Papers | 1985

The Influence of Industry Structure on Firm Perfomances and Conduct in a Managerial Theory of the Firm

John K C

In this paper a general model of industrial organizations is developed along the lines of the managerial theories of the firm. The utility function of management and shareholders-the two important stakeholders of contemporary organizations-are embedded within a framework due to Svejnar and Kalai. The model explicitly considers market structure, entry conditions and firm financial structure in order to generate a wide range of empirically verifiable hypotheses. The equilibrium and comparative static implications of the formulated model are explored. Several empirically testable proposition are generated by this analysis.

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