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2769 items in total found

Working Papers | 1990

Correlated Equilibria Under Bounded and Unbounded Rationality

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we establish an isomorphism between the set of correlated equilibria of a game on the one hand and the set of ordered pairs of coordination mechanisms and equilibrium decision rules for the same game on the other, in the case of bounded and unbounded rationality. The paper develops a systematic theory establishing an injection from the set of ordered pairs of coordination mechanisms and equilibrium decision rules tot he set of correlated equilibria. The converses follow easily from the methods of the proofs. As an intermediate step, we introduce the concept of a conditionally correlated equilibrium under bounded rationality.

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Working Papers | 1990

Threat Bargaining Games with Incomplete Information and Nash Solution

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we extend the framework of threat bargaining games to include these with incomplete information. In this set up we address ourselves to two significant problems: 1) Under what conditions would 'truthful' revelation of the disagreement payoffs be a Nash equilibrium of the resulting threat bargaining game? 2) Obtaining a characterization of the Nash bargaining solution without the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives Assumption.

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Working Papers | 1990

Fractile Correlated Equilibria Under Bounded Rationality

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we define and establish the existence of fractile correlated equilibria under rationality.

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Working Papers | 1990

Incentive Efficiency of Correlated Equilibria with State Dependent Payoffs

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we extend the framework of a finite game to incorporate state dependent payoffs, prove the existence of a correlated equilibrium in such a set up and obtain a characterization of all incentive efficient correlated equilibria. Finally we prove the existence of correlated equilibria for games with state dependent preferences and single experimentation by the players and indicate a characterization of all incentive efficient equilibria for such games.

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Working Papers | 1990

Job Satisfaction, Job Involvement and Participation Amongst Different Categories of Bank Employees

Singh Mira

This investigation aims to assess job satisfaction, job involvement and participation among officers and clerical cadre of a nationalised bank. The sample consists of 500 bank employees from western zone. Job satisfaction, job involvement and participation of bank employees were assessed through questionnaires. Officers and clerical cadres are compared and implications discussed.

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Working Papers | 1990

Gearing Strategic Public Enterprises for Internationalisation: The Indian Case

Khandwalla P N

In the context of chronic balance of payments problems in most Third World countries, public enterprises (PEs) of the Third World are a major under-utilised source for stepping up exports. In many Third World countries PEs produce an impressive array of goods and services. But their domestic orientation tends to shackle them to domestic rather than global levels of efficiency, enterprise, and customer response. With the help of a successful Indian case of internationalization, and questionnaire date gathered from 119 senior and top level PEs of nearly 50 Indian PEs, it is argues that Third World PEs can be internationalized provided they adopt certain kinds of goals, policies, and practices. Internationalization would result not only in increased foreign exchange earnings, it would also raise the domestic level of efficiency and entrepreneurship of PEs. Several suggestions are made for enabling Indian PEs to get more internationalized.

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Working Papers | 1990

Biogas Technology: The Indian Scenario

Moulik T K and Mehta Swati

Energy in many forms is vital for nations, economic and social development. The importance of energy was brought into sharp focus since the 1970's oil shortage which escalated the prices of conventional energy. Since then attention has shifted to alternative sources of energy. For a country like India, where resources are scarce and development essential, it is imperative that a strong infrastructural base be achieved for it's growth. One of the critical components is the generation and supply of cheap energy. As an alternative source of energy, biogas technology is being promoted in India in a mass scale in order to meet India's one of the most important energy needs i.e. Cooking energy (constituting technology has received special attention because of the easy applicability, the vastness of the country and infrastructural deficiencies which exists regarding the supply of power to all corners of India. Along with providing an economic and practical alternative for energy generation, biogas technology also provides various advantages to the user. Biogas provides cheaper fuel and energy for lighting and domestic purposes, prevents or decreases deforestation, provides the farmers with cheaper and enriched manure for their fields, and lastly but not the least, improves the environment by keeping the kitchen clean and hygienic and decreases the drudgery for women.

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Working Papers | 1990

Interprovincial Variation in Economic Growth in Canada

Dholakia Bakul H

In the present paper, the dynamic aspects of regional variations in the economic growth are examined. Over the three decades of the fifties, sixties and seventies, the growth pattern in different provinces of Canada has undergone significant changes. These changes are more or less in the same direction as one would expect in a capitalist economy (see, Dholakia, 1985). The contribution of worker rate in explaining the growth differentials considerably declined over time. Changes in the industrial structure and variations therein play a significant role on margin. However, unlike the case of the analysis of the regional differences in the levels of economic development where capital intensity (factor proportions) played the major role, in the case of the regional differentials in the rates of economic growth, capital productivity (technology) played a significant development, regional variations (disparities) are governed more by the pure technological factors than by the structure or the attitude of the people to work or the capital investments per se. The case of India examined with all limitations ont he data availability (see, Dholakia, 1985) corroborate these findings. This presents good potential for learning from Canadian experience for formulating regional policies in countries like India.

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Working Papers | 1990

European Economic Community: Reactions Abroad and in India: Review of Literature Part II: Reactions in India: Some Questions

Gaikwad V R

Earlier working papers on EEC (W.P. 841 and 854) tell us that the Common Market is a strategy towards ultimate political objective of a United States of Europe. The driving force behind the “Unity of Europe and people of European origin” is genetic-ethnic-racial. Europe's march towards supra-nationalism leads to supra-Euracialism. Recent events in Eastern Europe and Russia are not spontaneous but result of long-term strategy for uniting people of European origin. As Common Market was Monnet's (Father of EEC) strategy towards unification of Europe, so also Gorbachov's perestroika and glasnost are strategies to provide 'freedom' to East-European communities and European Russia to ultimately become members of a United States of Europe. EEC-1992 is a landmark, a symbol of consolidation of European Community's power. It can also be a prelude to a War of Races. Schizophrenia and intense attention paid to economic and commercial interests in the current literature on EEC has hidden the deadly politico-racial objectives of EEC. Are the non-Europeans aware of all these processes? Do they have any strategy to face EEC? Whether by cooperating with EEC, with an eye to short-term gains, will they end up further strengthening Europe's drive towards its politico-racial objectives? These two papers sought answers to such questions and related issues. What has been the Indian reaction to EEC all these years? In this paper we present twelve sets of questions which provide a broad framework for reviewing the works of Indian scholars, diplomats and columnists on EEC. These cover questions pertaining to: § Emergence of Neo-Nazism and racial fundamentalism in Europe; § European Supra-nationalism and its impact on communities of European origin; § Impact of EEC on NAM; § Communication (propaganda) strategy of EEC; Reliability of data provided by EEC and its impact on demand and supply projections and trade. § Nature of European society in future; § Alternatives to the traditionally followed policies of 'economic interdependence', and 'cooperation with EEC', such as Gandhian non-cooperation strategy i.e., 'neither trade, nor aid' strategy and its implications; § Environmental concerns, and their implications to the third world countries; § Collaboration among non-European Communities in the field of trade, science and technology, and especially in development of modern weapon systems and defence strategies; § People of mixed races and natives in Latin America and their reactions to EEC; § Racial discrimination in Europe and the New World Countries; discriminatory immigration laws limited movement of non-European people. § Racial heritage and its influence on India's reaction to EEC; § Basic issues such as: free movement of materials/goods/products, or free movement of people and culture? Primary objective: International Economic Order or International Social Order for Survival (SOS) of humanity?

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Working Papers | 1990

Job Involvement, Sense of Participation and Job Satisfaction: A Study in Banking Industry

Singh Mira and Pestonjee D M

The purpose of the study was to explore the possible effect of job involvement and sense of participation on job satisfaction of two categories of bank employees. The sample consisted of 250 officers and 250 clerical cadre belonging to a nationalised bank in western zone. Job involvement was measured by Lodahl & Kenjner's Scale of Job Involvement, Participation by Singh and Pestonjee's 'Psychological Participation Index' and Job Satisfaction by Pestonjee's "Satisfaction Dissatisfaction Inventory'. A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design was used to analyse the data. Job satisfaction of bank employees was found to be affected positively by occupational level, job involvement and participation. The interactional effect of job involvement and participation was found to be significant.

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