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3669 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2024

Does centralization of online content regulation affect political hate speech in a country? A public choice perspective

Jithesh Arayankalam, Prakriti Soral, Anupriya Khan, Satish Krishnan, Indranil Bose

This study primarily examines how the centralization of online content regulation increases political hate speech in a country. It also explores the roles of the government's social media surveillance and disinformation in this relationship. Calhoun's public choice theory is used as a theoretical foundation to examine relationships. Data from 179 nations are analyzed using a mixed-method approach (i.e., path analysis and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis), and the findings reveal how centralization of online content regulation results in higher levels of political hate speech by increasing social media surveillance of political content and disinformation through social media by the government.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Proprietary algorithmic traders and liquidity supply during the pandemic

Anirban Banerjee, Samarpan Nawn

This study documents the liquidity-supplying behavior of proprietary algorithmic traders during the abrupt and sustained market decline caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings suggest that these endogenous liquidity providers reduced their supply of liquidity during sustained market stress that lasted several days. Proprietary algorithmic traders showed a greater propensity to trade via market orders, reduced the fraction of contrarian trades, and reduced their share of order book depth compared to other traders during the in-COVID period. Our work provides the first direct evidence of the behavior of proprietary algorithmic traders during the pandemic.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Circular value creation through environmental entrepreneurship initiatives: A case-based exploration

Subhalaxmi Mohapatra, Subhadip Roy, Arvind Upadhyay, Anil Kumar

The present study builds on the domain of circular economy and its subdomain circular value creation to explore the entrepreneurial process of a small business in India. It aims to find how circular entrepreneurship as a process may unfold and how it may lead to value creation at different levels. The case study method is used to address the research objectives and a case study of a small entrepreneur based in India is selected for the same purpose. The analysis of the case and within case patterns (three subcases) illustrates circular entrepreneurship as a process with motivation, action and value creation as three main stages. The motivation of the entrepreneur leads to several actions related to business processes that are aimed at circular value creation. Subsequently, this leads to value creation at multiple levels such as the economy, business and society. Hence, the findings support the circular economy concept and its role in the creation of value at the small business level. The findings support the theoretical tenets of circular value creation and circular entrepreneurship using an interpretive approach.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Digital Strategies for Engendering Resilient, Adaptive, and Entrepreneurial Agility: A Confgurational Perspective

Pankaj Setia, Kailing Deng, Shreya Pandey, Vallabh Sambamurthy

This study examines how different digital strategies influence agility in managing customer demand. We test the effects of digital strategies on three types of digitally-enabled demand management agility–adaptive, resilient, and entrepreneurial. Using a configurational perspective, we conceptualize digital strategies as the synergistic use of IT-driven and business-driven initiatives in selective or collective value chain domains. Configurations are used to outline three digital strategies: supply chain-oriented, marketing-oriented, and value chain-wide. Using data from a survey of 200 firms, we use configurational analysis to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that specialized–supply chain or marketing-oriented–digital strategies may be sufficient to create adaptive and resilient agility. However, a value chain-wide digital strategy is necessary to facilitate entrepreneurial agility. Results also indicate that a specialized digital strategy may suffice in less turbulent environments, but a value chain-wide digital strategy is required to manage demand management disruptions in highly turbulent environments.

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Journal Articles | 2024

A Bayesian nonparametric approach for multiple mediators with applications in mental health studies

Samrat Roy, Michael J Daniels, Jason Roy

Mediation analysis with contemporaneously observed multiple mediators is a significant area of causal inference. Recent approaches for multiple mediators are often based on parametric models and thus may suffer from model misspecification. Also, much of the existing literature either only allow estimation of the joint mediation effect or estimate the joint mediation effect just as the sum of individual mediator effects, ignoring the interaction among the mediators. In this article, we propose a novel Bayesian nonparametric method that overcomes the two aforementioned drawbacks. We model the joint distribution of the observed data (outcome, mediators, treatment, and confounders) flexibly using an enriched Dirichlet process mixture with three levels. We use standardization (g-computation) to compute all possible mediation effects, including pairwise and all other possible interaction among the mediators. We thoroughly explore our method via simulations and apply our method to a mental health data from Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, where we estimate how the effect of births from unintended pregnancies on later life mental depression (CES-D) among the mothers is mediated through lack of self-acceptance and autonomy, employment instability, lack of social participation, and increased family stress. Our method identified significant individual mediators, along with some significant pairwise effects.

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Journal Articles | 2024

A regularized low Tubal-Rank Model for high-dimensional time series data

Samrat Roy, George Michailidis

High dimensional time series analysis has diverse applications in macroeconometrics and finance. Recent factor-type models employing tensor-based decompositions prove to be computationally involved due to the non-convex nature of the underlying optimization problem and also they do not capture the underlying temporal dependence of the latent factor structure. This work leverages the concept of tubal rank and develops a matrix-valued time series model, which first captures the temporal dependence in the data, and then the remainder signals across the time points are decomposed into two components: a low tubal rank tensor representing the baseline signals, and a sparse tensor capturing the additional idiosyncrasies in the signal. We address the issue of identifiability of various components in our model and subsequently develop a scalable Alternating Block Minimization algorithm to solve the convex regularized optimization problem for estimating the parameters. We provide finite sample error bounds under high dimensional scaling for the model parameters

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Journal Articles | 2024

Engaging customers and suppliers for environmental sustainability: Investigating the drivers and the effects on firm performance

Amalesh Sharma, Sourav Bikash Borah, Tanjum Haque, Anirban Adhikary

While firms engage stakeholders in their sustainability practices to contribute to a better world resiliently and responsibly, little is known about what drives their ability to generate customer engagement (CE) and supplier engagement (SE) for sustainability purposes. This paper identifies, theorizes, and empirically validates the differential roles of board oversight and incentivization, along with contingencies (a chief marketing officer’s (CMO) presence and governance disclosure), in driving CE and SE. Using data from 308 firms, the paper finds that while board oversight and incentivization positively affect CE, only incentivization positively affects SE. The paper also finds significant moderation effects of CMO presence and governance disclosure. Through multiple post hoc analyses, the paper explores how CE and SE influence firm performance. The paper provides a nuanced understanding of incentive types’ effects and contributes to the literature on grand challenges connecting firms’ strategies and sustainability objectives to customer and supplier engagement.

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Working Papers | 2024

The Supreme Court of India's Use of Inherent Power under Article 142 of the Constitution: An Empirical Study

M P Ram Mohan, Sriram Prasad, Vijay V Venkitesh, Sai Muralidhar & Jacob P Alex

The Constitution of India under Article 142 grants the Supreme Court of India with broad inherent powers to do complete justice. The contours of this inherent power and what it means to achieve complete justice were left to the Supreme Court to determine itself. In this paper, we empirically examine all the Supreme Court cases from its inception in 1950 till 2023 which use the term "Article 142" or "Complete Justice" We found 1579 cases, which were then hand-coding for many variables such as the nature of the case, where the case was appealed from, the temporal distribution, the laws involved, the nature of the issue, the judges involved, among others. The paper examines when and how the Supreme Court wields its inherent powers, generating various insights and exploring trends.

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Working Papers | 2024

Multi-Duty Structures in India’s Gold Import Policies: Evidence of blatant flaws using Trade data of 2023-24

Sundarvalli Narayanaswami and Anumeha Saxena

Policy initiatives to manage gold imports in India have historically relied on the use of customs duty. However, the presence of a multi-duty structure essentially offers gold traders a legal channel to re-route imports with little risk of punitive action. In this paper, we present multiple instances from FY 2023-24 where importers have significantly exploited these loopholes to import at lower rates. We also observe that exhaustive identification of alternative routes that traders can potentially exploit is infeasible. Reactive interventions to curb the traders taking advantage of the loopholes or gaps in policies are also not helpful in the long run. Traders are quick enough to snoop out the best possible channels to maximize their outcomes, which systemically leads to uneven playing fields for different types of traders. Subsequently, we show that the use of multiple taxation structures as a tool to contain Current Account Deficit (CAD) and to facilitate a level-playing market for importers of various sizes, in-fact is counter-effective. Traders are able to quickly discover more loopholes and are able to legally increase their import volumes at lesser imports duty. The current multi-duty structures to manage gold imports and in turn, India’s current account deficit, continue to be weak. To curb such unintended discounts and imports arbitrage in the domestic gold market, it is recommended that a single import duty is levied on all variants of the precious metal.

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Working Papers | 2024

An Empirical Analysis of ‘Scandalous’ and ‘Obscene’ Trade Marks in India

M P Ram Mohan, Aditya Gupta and Vijay V Venkitesh

Morality-based restrictions on trademarks have gained widespread acceptance since their statutory recognition in 1875, appearing in the domestic statutory language of 163 out of 164 WTO member states. Building upon earlier conceptual work, this study empirically examines the administration of India's iteration of moral-based trademark limitations, which prohibit the registration of scandalous or obscene marks. Expanding on a prior anecdotal and purposive study, the authors create a novel dataset to analyze the implementation of the provision. The dataset examines 1.6 million trademark examination reports filed between 2018-2022. Through auto-coding, the authors identify 140 applications objected for containing scandalous or obscene matter. A systematic analysis classifies the objections into three categories - those concurrently raising relative and absolute grounds of refusal, successful circumvention of morality objections through ambiguity, and an alarming lack of objections for potentially offensive marks. The findings provide empirical evidence in the administration of morality-based proscriptions in India.

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