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3852 items in total found

Working Papers | 1993

Modelling of Industrial Sector in Macroeconometric Models of Indian Economy

Rastogi A B

Modelling of the Industrial Sectors has been ad-hoc in macro models. The proportion of industrial sector out in nation output has steadily increased but modellers have ignored the link between industrial sector output and employment. There are various reasons for that. The scenario of industrial sector is changing rapidly and far-reaching changes are taking place in the economy. It has become imperative for the modellers to model industrial sector with its links with employment generation in the economy and policy variables which affect the industrial sector production. As service sector is gaining importance in the economy, it would be ideal to explore links between service sector and industrial sector output and services sector's potential to generate employment in the economy.

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Working Papers | 1993

Universities and the Horizons of the Future

Giri Ananta

Ours is a time of fundamental changes. Changes in our economy and politics, revolutionary manifestation of new technologies and the whole host of contemporary forces are shattering our taken-for-granted assumptions about self and society. In this contemporary context of epochal change and challenge reflection is also taking place on the nature of universities. Serious commentators in this field such as former Harvard president Derek Bok tells us that universities have to pay more attention to the way they can inculcate moral values in those who belong to it and the way they can be a source of creative transformation in and pleads for more commitment to creativity from all those who care about knowledge and society in our contemporary times.

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Working Papers | 1993

Forecasting Money Supply Using Box-Jenkins and other Procedures

Gupta G S

The big provides forecasts on the money supply in India during 1993-01 through 1995-04, using the quarterly data for the period 1970-01 to 1992-04 and several alternative appropriate statistical and econometric methods. Appropriate statistical and econometric methods. Appropriate statistical tests and accuracy measures have been applied to assess the credibility of the alternative methods and within the sample period forecasts. It is found that the forecasts through the Box-Jenkin's method are the most conservative while those from the decomposition method the most liberal ones, those through the regression and exponential smoothing fall in between the two extremes. Arguments have been advanced for their comparative strengths and weaknesses. As per the results, the money supply is expected to be around Rs.5,000 billion in Dec. 1995, and it could vary between Rs.4,764 billion and Rs.5,814 in that period.

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Working Papers | 1993

Project Management: Comparison of Practices in India and U K

Tripathy Arabinda

Resources are committed primarily for two purpose. In one case it is spent on meeting ongoing requirements and in other case for creating new facilities. The first category is classified as operational requirements and the second project. However, the definition of project as an one time endeavour, encompasses many areas other than creation of new facilities. It is possible to associate all types of projects to creation of facilities physical or otherwise and resulting in “benefits” to a set of beneficiaries.

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Working Papers | 1993

On Internalization of Externalities

Anil K. Gupta and Prakash Aseem

Externalities can be internalized through market mechanism, government regulation, or self-governing institutions or a mix of these institutions. We recommend the institutional route which minimizes total cost (sum of technology, management, and transaction costs) to the firm. These costs are influenced by the externality attributes (occurrence, polluter, spatial, time and technology). Different institutions may be appropriate for different stages and social contexts of an externality.

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Working Papers | 1993

Scale, Equity and Efficiency: A Stone May Kill More Than One Bird

Prakash Aseem and Anil K. Gupta

Policy goals of efficiency, equity, and sustainability may not be independent. Also the policy instruments. i.e. price mechanism, fiscal policy, and scale may be related. We need to find answers about who shall decide the scale at the national and international level? If equity and scale are related, the interests of the countries in the resource-intensive growth phase and of the post-industrial societies, my clash.

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Working Papers | 1993

Income and Price Elasticities in India Trade

Gupta G S and Keshava H

The paper estimates the export and import function for India both at the aggregate (rest of the world) as well as the important individual country levels, using annual time series data for the period 1960-61 through 1990-91. It finds that the income elasticities of trade are significant and that this elasticity is significantly higher for imports than exports, implying the possibility of the worsening trade balance with the growth in economies. The trade is generally price inelastic but this elasticity is generally higher for exports than imports. The sum (absolute) of the two price elasticities generally exceeds unity and thus satisfies the Marshall-Lerner condition for the effectiveness of devaluation in regulating the trade imbalance. The impact of the 1966 devaluation is found significant more with regard to imports than exports, and the post 1980 liberalization policy has produced desirable impact on India globalization. Based on the estimated trade elasticities and the last five years average growth rates in the trade determinants, the growth rates in India's real exports and imports have been projected at 4.1% and 5.4% respectively, and accordingly a worsening of the trade imbalance has been foreseen in the coming years.

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Working Papers | 1993

The Guest for A Universal Morality: Habermas and Sri Aurobindo

Giri Ananta

Morals in the sociological and anthropological discourse have been looked at as a construction of culture and as an appendage of social norms. In the conventional sense, moral development culture. But such a notion of morality and moral development ignores the question of the Being and the universal issues of justice, well-being and freedom. In this context, psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg speaks of the post-conventional stage of moral development when the individual differentiates “his on her self from the rules and expectations of others and defines his or her values in terms of self-chosen ethical principles.” Such a post-themselves from the “historical coloration of particular form of life" and transcend the “unjust” givens of their native cultures. Such a moral awareness also prepares the ground for a genuine universality. The present paper looks into the issue of universal morality in the context of contemporary structural and discursive transformation, which is marked by globalisation. The paper discusses the work of German philosopher Jurgen Habermas and Indian spiritual prophet Sri Aurobindo and critically looks at different paths for the quest for universal morality in out contemporary world, which is marked by a hegemonic ascendancy of power and money as currencies of life, and a pervasive demoralisation of discourse.

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Working Papers | 1993

Creative Approaches in Advertising in India in the Early Nineties - What Criteria

Mokhopadhyay Sipra

The paper developed while exploring the anomaly that the best adjusted creatives are not necessarily the best performers, despite uniformity in other marketing inputs. It examines (1) current trends in creative approaches, how do these fit in with the existing typologies and exhibit a blend resulting from adaptation to local culture, (2) the criteria used for assessing a creative and the missing links. Findings indicate that image, execution and common touch are the most frequently used strategies. While judicious adaptation of creative helps, transplants can only work for a few low involvement product, consumption of which is not influenced by culture. A set of criteria must take into account market competition, state of the buyer, PLC, product and media characteristics. Successful creatives have ensured that the target audience is about to realise 'identity with self' likes the ad and feels involved.

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Working Papers | 1993

Revealed Preference and Utilitarianism in Multiattribute Choice Problems

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we have investigated two related issues: (a) representability of a choice function: (b) characterization of a representable choice functions, namely the utilitarian choice function. Probably the most well-known representable choice function is the one due to Nash (1950), which is characterized by properties similar to those which characterize the utilitarian choice function, except that instead of shift invariance we have scale invariance for Nash's solution. Our proof of representability is simpler and easier to comprehend than most other proofs existing in the literature. Our characterization of the utilitarian choice function is both elegant and concise. The meaningfulness of the properties characterizing this solution, should enhance its appeal as a choice function.

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