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3819 items in total found

Working Papers | 1994

Indian Auto Component Industry - Learning to Export and Grow

M. R. Dixit

This paper reviews the developments in the Indian auto component industry in the context of new economic policies. It analyses the technical capabilities and export experiences of the industry. It presents the findings of field and mail surveys aimed understanding the nature of competition, key capabilities and the involvement of internal and external agencies in technology development, and new product introduction. It concludes by saying that the industry is on the growth path and can exploit the emerging opportunities in the international market if the pace of learning by the industry is quickened.

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Working Papers | 1994

Interaction Between Firms and Technology Institutions in India: Reflections on a Multi Industry Study

Chaudhari Shekhar and M. R. Dixit

This paper presents the overall findings of a study of industry technology institution interaction in seven industrial sectors in India; auto parts, machine tools, foundry, pharmaceuticals, polymers, textiles and software. In analyzing the nature of interaction between industry and technology institutions we have used an organizational stage model of technological development at the firm level in conjunction with demand and supply side factors: technological capabilities of firms and the demand for technical services; and its capabilities and the supply of technical services. On the basis of our analysis we present some implications for technology institutions for enhancing their interaction with industrial firms.

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Working Papers | 1994

The Market for Technical Services in India: An Empirical Study

Chaudhari Shekhar and M. R. Dixit

This paper presents the findings of a mail survey study of 132 firms covering seven industrial sectors: auto parts, machine tools, foundry, polymers, pharmaceuticals, textiles and software. The study examines the nature of usage of technical services by the surveyed firms, the sources from which the services are obtained, and the benefits and problems associated with sources. The most commonly used services were found to be; standards and testing, education and training, and information. Sectoral differences were found in the usage of some services. Locational concentration was found to be associated with a higher degree of usage of certain sources of technical services. Amongst the various organizational characteristics it was found that size, technological orientation and technical capabilities influences the choice of sources of technical services.

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Working Papers | 1994

Institutional Infrastructure for Industrial Technology Development in India: A Review

Chaudhari Shekhar and M. R. Dixit

This paper provides an overview of the institutional infrastructure available for technology development in Indian industry. An attempt has been made to develop a system for classifying the various institutions. The paper also discusses briefly the role of the government in the development of industrial technology and analyses the achievements and failings of India; a science and technology infrastructure.

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Working Papers | 1994

Firm Size and Export Behaviour in a Developing Country

Patibandla Murali

In the context of Indian industry, this paper argues that in the presence of capital market imperfections and sub-optimal contractual arrangements, small firms face higher transaction or selling costs in the domestic market. One of the strategic responses by small firms towards overcoming the mobility barriers imposed by high transaction costs in the domestic market is to break into the competitive world market. Small firms that could realize a critical level of production efficiency and possible information externalities that arise through inter-firm linkages might be the ones that could succeed in exports. The empirical observations derived from the analysis of fire level survey data provide reasonable support to the main arguments.

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Working Papers | 1994

Technology Development in the Indian Foundry Industry: A Case of Choked Potential

Ramanarayan S

1174 The paper presents the results of a field study covering 25 foundries and 5 institutions involved in education, consultancy, and R&D in the foundry sector. The field study was supplemented by interviews with foundry experts in the country and a review of the literature on the Indian foundry industry. This report is an attempt to integrate the different ideas and view obtained from these sources on technology management in the Indian foundry industry. The paper begins with a brief history of the industry and its present form, size, and structure. It, then, presents a brief summary of a study of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research on the technology status in the Indian ferrous foundry industry. This is followed by a description of some of the key institutions concerned with technology development in the foundry sector and the problems faced by them. In the following two sections, the factors blocking technological learning and the factors contributing to technological upgradation are discussed. The report ends with a short summary and some concluding observations.

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Working Papers | 1994

Shifts in Choice Problems

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we consider choice problems which are bounded both above and below and provide a new axiomatic characterization of the equal loss choice function. We subsequently turn to a study of various properties implied by shifts in the choice problem, one of which was used in characterizing the equal loss solution. Then we characterize rational choice behavour when a decision maker is confronted with a choice problem. Finally we turn to an axiomatic characterization of a particular rationalizable choice function – the utilitarian choice function – using a shift invariance property.

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Working Papers | 1994

Determining Lags in Export Supply Function in India

Ravindra H. Dholakia and Peru Muthu

This paper considers a partial adjustment model of the export supply function in Indian economy at the aggregate level. A minimum of one month and a maximum of 12 months is considered as the plausible range of the length of lags in exports supply in India with respect to both the independent variables – domestic production and real effective exchange rate. Instead of the distributed lag model, a specific lag in the two independent variables is simultaneously considered in the paper. Different lags in the two variables would yield alternative models for export supply in India. Since the methodology based on nested model is not likely to work efficiently in such cases, an alternative procedure is suggested here to select the most appropriate model which amounts to determining the lengths of the lags in the two independent variables in the export supply function. The paper uses monthly data on Indian exports and other variables for the period January 1982 to July 1993. It appears from the selected model that in Indian economy export supply response lags by 12 months with respect to domestic production and 5 months with respect to real effective exchange rate changes. The extra-sample forecast accuracy of the elasticity of export supply with respect to exchange rate changes before 5 months are 0.52 in the short run and 1.11 in the long run. It is hoped that the suggested method in the present paper is likely to work more efficiently than the nested model method of selecting the most appropriate regression model whenever a choice has to be made from among a set of highly collinear alternative independent variables.

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Working Papers | 1994

Financial Sector Reform: Institutional and Technological Imperatives

Samir K. Barua and Jayanth R. Varma

This paper takes the view that financial sector reform is not only a matter of jettisoning old regulations nor even merely a matter of prudential regulation accompanying structural deregulation; it is intimately bound up with institutional and technological issues. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the stock market, debt market and the banking system the paper demonstrates the need for major institutional and technological changes in the Indian financial sector in order to face the challenges posed by liberalization and rapid growth. In our view, the government and regulatory authorities have an important role in facilitating this modernization. Not only should regulatory hindrances be removed, but there should be a positive bias in favour of change. We do believe that changes would take place even without regulatory support, but we also believe that regulatory intervention could hasten the process and make it less painful. This is because the technology is characterized by large externalities and often requires action at the industry level.

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Working Papers | 1994

A Note on Cost Monotonic Group Decision Mechanisms

Lahiri Somdeb

In this paper we study the problem of project selection as a group decision making problem and obtain a characterization of cost monotonic group decision mechanism. We furnish two examples of cost monotonic group decision mechanisms – the egalitarian mechanism and the egalitarian equivalent mechanism. The latter is shown to belong to the core of the group decision making problem. In the process of defining an egalitarian equivalent mechanisms we invoke the concept of a composite public good.

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