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3893 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2017

From well-heeled to tip-toed, shoe-shine to shoe-lace: Monopolistic Competition and Product Differentiation in Men's Footwear

Vishal Kumar and Satish Y. Deodhar

International Review of Business and Economics

For many decades, the only branded footwear Indians knew was Bata. After years of economic liberalization; however, one finds many local, national, and international firms jostling for customer attention by producing various types of branded footwear. In fact, India has now emerged as the second largest producer of footwear in the world. The Indian footwear market can be described today as a stylized case of a monopolistically competitive market. In this study, we focus our attention on men’s formal shoes which are differentiated by variations in many attributes such as heel, toes, colour, surface, laces, buckles and brands. Invoking hedonic price analysis and bid and offer curves of the customers and firms respectively, shoe prices are viewed as the sum total of the valuation of each of these attributes. The relative valuation is estimated by regressing market prices of shoes on its binary variable attributes. Analysis shows that shoes made of leather, shiny surface, buckles, laces, and brands carry a premium; and, differentiation based on colour, pointed toes, high heels, and texture is not important. In a highly competitive market, such data driven studies can provide pointers to firms in altering existing shoe models and successfully launching newer ones.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Sentiment analysis of financial news articles using performance indicators

Srikumar Krishnamoorthy

Knowledge and Information Systems

Mining financial text documents and understanding the sentiments of individual investors, institutions and markets is an important and challenging problem in the literature. Current approaches to mine sentiments from financial texts largely rely on domain-specific dictionaries. However, dictionary-based methods often fail to accurately predict the polarity of financial texts. This paper aims to improve the state-of-the-art and introduces a novel sentiment analysis approach that employs the concept of financial and non-financial performance indicators. It presents an association rule mining-based hierarchical sentiment classifier model to predict the polarity of financial texts as positive, neutral or negative. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated on a benchmark financial dataset. The model is also compared against other state-of-the-art dictionary and machine learning-based approaches and the results are found to be quite promising. The novel use of performance indicators for financial sentiment analysis offers interesting and useful insights.

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Journal Articles | 2017

HMiner: Efficiently mining high utility itemsets

Srikumar Krishnamoorthy

Expert Systems with Applications

High utility itemset mining problem uses the notion of utilities to discover interesting and actionable patterns. Several data structures and heuristic methods have been proposed in the literature to efficiently mine high utility itemsets. This paper advances the state-of-the-art and presents HMiner, a high utility itemset mining method. HMiner utilizes a few novel ideas and presents a compact utility list and virtual hyperlink data structure for storing itemset information. It also makes use of several pruning strategies for efficiently mining high utility itemsets. The proposed ideas were evaluated on a set of benchmark sparse and dense datasets. The execution time improvements ranged from a modest thirty percent to three orders of magnitude across several benchmark datasets. The memory consumption requirements also showed up to an order of magnitude improvement over the state-of-the-art methods. In general, HMiner was found to work well in the dense regions of both sparse and dense benchmark datasets.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Competition and Intellectual Property Policies in the Indian pharmaceutical sector

Shamim S. Mondal and Viswanath Pingali

Vikalpa

Journal Articles | 2017

The Impact of self-deception and professional skepticism on perceptions of ethicality

Sobhesh Kumar Agarwalla, Naman Desai, and Arindam Tripathy

Advances in Accounting

This paper examines the impact of two contradictory psychological traits, self-deception (SD) and professional skepticism (PS), on individuals' assessment of ethicality of various earnings management choices. Whereas, SD allows individuals to reduce cognitive dissonance arising from self-serving unethical behavior, PS would force individuals to question such self-serving behavior and, as a result, could make them less likely to act unethically. Our results indicate that SD, PS, and participant type significantly affected the participants' ethicality ratings. Managers exhibiting high (low) SD and low (high) PS view the earnings management techniques that were generally considered to be unethical, as relatively more (less) ethical. However, the SD and PS scores of accountants are not significantly related to their ethicality ratings. This result could be driven by the fact that accountants tend to have greater exposure to information that emphasizes ethics (professional standards and education) and hence psychological traits have a lesser effect on their ethicality ratings.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Heterogeneity of imported intermediate inputs and labour: Evidence from India’s input tariff liberalization

Shruti Sharma

Applied Economics

This article explores whether the nature of imports matters when examining the effects of trade on plant-level labour outcomes. Previous literature that examines this question mainly considers imported intermediate inputs as a homogenous group and is unable to reach a consensus on the effects of input tariff liberalization on employment and wages of skilled and unskilled workers. Exploiting detailed product-level information available on intermediate inputs from plant-level data for the Indian manufacturing sector, I distinguish between plants that import mainly for quality considerations as opposed to plants that seek imports as cheaper alternatives to domestic inputs. I find that strong complementarities exist between skilled workers and imported inputs for plants importing high-quality inputs. For plants importing intermediate inputs mainly as a cost-cutting strategy, input tariff liberalization leads to an increase in employment of both skilled and unskilled workers, but a decline in skill composition. This can best be explained as a strategy that achieves economies of scale. On average, as input tariffs liberalize, importing plants employ more workers and pay higher wages than non-importing plants.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Delhi–Mumbai industrial corridor: Economic and environmental consequences

Seth Schindler and Shruti Sharma

Economic and Political Weekly: A Journal of Current Economic and Political Affairs

The Delhi–Mumbai Industrial Corridor represents a re-centralisation of urban planning in India with the primary objective to foster export-oriented growth. An analysis of census and manufacturing data shows that the DMIC is likely to increase regional inequality. Moreover, rather than fostering regional integration, this state-led corridor development remains a series of discontinuous and fragmented territories.

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Journal Articles | 2017

High-performance work systems and creativity implementation: the role of psychological capital and psychological safety

Promila Agarwal and Elaine Farndale

Human Resource Management

Unimplemented creative ideas are potentially wasted opportunities for organisations. Although it is largely understood how to encourage creativity among employees, how to ensure this creativity is implemented remains underexplored. The objective of the current study is to identify the underlying mechanisms that explain the relationship between high-performance work systems and creativity implementation. Drawing from the job demands–resources model, we explore a model of psychological capital and psychological safety as mediators in the relationship between high-performance work systems and creativity implementation. Based on 505 employee survey responses, the findings show support for the mediating relationships, highlighting the importance of psychological mechanisms. The study has important implications for HRM, uncovering how people management practices can encourage creativity implementation in the workplace.

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Journal Articles | 2017

The essence of downsizing: A review of literature

Prantika Ray and Sunil Kumar Maheshwari

The Indian Journal of Industrial Relations

The process of downsizing has often been considered as a onetime activity that is disconnected from the processes and the outcomes associated with the activity. Since the strategies, organizational, industrial and environmental characteristics play a crucial role in determining the success and/or failure of the downsizing process, a piece-meal approach to the research on downsizing is not enough. This paper thus presents a holistic view of the downsizing process where the dynamics that ensue during the downsizing are elucidated in a framework. This paper further discusses certain implications for practitioners and provides scope for future research for the researchers.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Child labour and human capital in developing countries - a multi-period stochastic model

Indrajit Thakurta and Errol D'Souza

Economic Modelling

This study investigates the co-determination of child labour and human capital acquisition through a life cycle model. It explores three categories of households with zero, ten and fifteen years' education of household heads who also have differential access to financial markets. Results show that financially excluded, uneducated households prefer assets with negative returns over human capital investments in their offspring, and hence fall into an intergenerational poverty trap. Their educational investments begin only after an income threshold is reached and the same may be funded through transfers or withdrawal of educational subsidies from college educated households without lowering their human capital investments. Educational subsidies and higher access to educational inputs work best for middle educated households who have higher demand for education. For policy analysis, this study quantifies the contributions of income supportfinancial inclusion, lower uncertainty and subsidised education in reducing the supply of child labour.

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