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887 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2017

Framework for evolving spectrum management regimes: Lessons from India

Rekha Jain and Rishabh Dara

Telecommunications Policy

India has seen a marked change in spectrum policy over the past decade from a legacy administrative regime to a more market oriented one wherein it has adopted auctions in the primary market, trading in the secondary market and has liberalised spectrum to make it technology and service neutral. It has faced numerous challenges, constraints, and legacy issues in its transition, thus providing a rich context for analysis. Using the case study of India, we developed a framework that highlights the various dimensions to be considered while migrating from an administrative to a market regime for spectrum management. The framework also helps to assess the current orientation of a spectrum policy regime and provides a direction for adopting a higher market orientation. We used the framework in the Indian context to show that while India had adopted market mechanisms, it had a low level of market orientation.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Swot analysis of the Indian Economy in Economic Survey of India 2016-17

Ravindra H. Dholakia

Yojana

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Journal Articles | 2017

How Costly is the Deliberate Disinflation in India? – Estimating the Sacrifice Ratio

Ravindra H. Dholakia and Kadiyala Sri Virinchi

Journal of Quantitative Economics

Methods followed in earlier studies for estimating the sacrifice ratio or the real cost of deliberate disinflation have focused only on aggregate supply side ignoring aggregate demand. The present study considers the adjustment path obtained as a locus of short run equilibria to arrive at a theoretically acceptable sacrifice ratio. The study uses quarterly data from the period between 1996-97Q1–2013-14Q4 in India and employs both the regression as well as the direct methods to estimate the ratio. The results have revealed a sacrifice ratio ranging from 1.7 to 3.8 depending on the method and the measure of inflation used. Such a magnitude of the real cost of disinflation in India, also relevant in the medium to long run, clearly contradicts the dominant view among policymakers that the trade-off, if any, is negligible. Deliberate disinflation policy needs to consider the real cost of sacrificing output and employment particularly when its magnitude is substantial.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Critique of recent revisions with base year change for estimation of state income in India

Ravindra H. Dholakia and Manish B. Pandya

Journal of Indian School of Political Economy

In the present paper, we have critiqued recent revisions made in the estimation of state income in India consequent upon the change in the base year of the National Accounts from 2004-05 to the new base of 2011-12. We have pointed out 10 major limitations of the whole exercise. The revisions associated with the new base 2011-12 series have serious implications on national and regional accounts estimation compared to the past. We have argued with concrete illustrations drawn from the experience of the Gujarat state that most of these impacts are negative on the quality, reliability, valid usage, interpretation and meaningful analysis of long term trends of sectors and the economy at the state level in the country. These revisions areperhaps not well thought out, carefuland consistent with the fundamental desirable characteristics of descriptive statistics and estimation of aggregates. In some cases they seem to be carried out hurriedly without paying attention to their likely impact on the whole system, processes and personnel involved in collection, compilation and generation of critical estimates at regional level. Our final recommendation is that the recent revisions associated with the new base of 2011-12 series should be abandoned for implementation at the state and district levels in the country till further revision of the base year takes place. In the interim period, let the old base of 2004-05 with the methodology continue at the state level.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Rehabilitation myths? How transaction costs reduce farmer welfare after land acquisition.

Vikram Patil and Ranjan Kumar Ghosh

Journal of South Asian Development

In this article, we show how transaction costs lead to farmer marginalization as displaced farmers embark on the process of acquiring new land. Existing studies have focused on the links between monetary compensation and landowners’ investment decisions, but before new land is acquired. However, the post-displacement scenario and the investment decisions of land owners to restore income have not been carefully examined. We use a transaction cost framework to suggest that local specificities related to land characteristics, uncertainties in search for alternatives and information constraints may impose high non-monetary costs on displaced farmers and force them to settle for inferior new land. The article concludes with a preliminary assessment of whether the newly enacted land acquisition framework, the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (RFCTLARR) Act 2013, promises to minimize these ex-post transaction costs that farmers face.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Are small firms willing to pay for improved power supply? Evidence from a contingent valuation study in India

Ranjan Kumar Ghosh, Yugank Goyal, Jens Rommel, and Julian Sagebiel

Energy Policy

This paper provides new estimates on Indian small-scale manufacturing firms’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for reliable power supply. Almost half of Indian manufacturing lies in the small-scale sector, and its productivity is severely affected by power outages. However, there is a surprising paucity of research on small firms’ WTP for avoiding outages. We conduct a double-bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation experiment with a random sample of 260 small-scale firms in the region around Hyderabad. We find that on average, firms are willing to pay approximately 20% more for uninterrupted power supply. The WTP estimates and the explanatory factors for the firms’ decisions were tested for robustness using both probit and bivariate probit models. In addition, a two-step Heckman correction was used to control for selection bias induced by protest responses. Our results are vital to understand behavior of small firms, which are crucial to India's economic growth. Further, the government's continued emphasis on power sector reforms makes the paper even more important as it provides realistic estimates for designing tariffs while keeping in mind the preferences of the small-scale industry.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Factors affecting Web 2.0 adoption: exploring the knowledge sharing and knowledge seeking aspects in health care professionals

Jang Bahadur Singh, Rajesh Chandwani, and Mayank Kumar

Journal of Knowledge Management

Purpose

This research aims to explore the factors that affect the adoption of Web 2.0 among knowledge workers. The research specifically investigated the role of factors related to both knowledge seeking and knowledge sharing, in the context of Web 2.0 use by health care professionals.

Design/methodology/approach

For this research, a cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The data were analyzed using the partial least square-structural equation modeling.

Findings

The results confirmed that the intention to adopt Web 2.0 depends upon both the knowledge-seeking and the knowledge-sharing attitudes. However, between the two, it is knowledge-sharing factors that are more important. Health care professionals tend to share knowledge driven by intrinsic motivators rather than by extrinsic motivators. On the other hand, knowledge-seeking attitude was determined by usefulness of knowledge and was not affected by the effort involved.

Research limitations/implications

All the respondents were health care professionals from India, and convenience sampling was used to reach them. This may limit the generalizability of the findings.

Practical implications

This research provides useful insights on implementing Web 2.0-based knowledge management systems, specifically for health care professionals. Particularly, it emphasizes the need to focus on reinforcing intrinsic motivators like self-efficacy and the joy of sharing.

Originality/value

It is perhaps the first study that integrates the factors related to knowledge sharing and seeking in a single theoretical model, thereby presents and tests a more realistic model of knowledge management.

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Journal Articles | 2017

India's E‐Waste Rules and Their Impact on E‐Waste Management Practices: A Case Study

Kalyan Bhaskar and Rama Mohana Turaga

Journal of Industrial Ecology

India, like many other developed and developing countries, has adopted an extended producer responsibility (EPR) approach for electronic waste (e-waste) management under its E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011. Under these rules, producers have been made responsible for setting up collection centers of e-waste and financing and organizing a system for environmentally sound management of e-waste. In this article, we use the implementation of these rules in Ahmedabad in western India as a case study to conduct a critical analysis of the implementation of India's Rules. Interviews of main stakeholder groups, including a sample of regulated commercial establishments, regulatory agencies enforcing the Rules, informal actors involved in waste collection and handling, as well as publicly available information on the implementation constitute data for our case study. Our results indicate that while there has been an increase in the formal waste processing capacity after the implementation of the Rules, only 5% to 15% of the total waste generated is likely channeled through formal processing facilities. While the EPR regulation forced the producers to take action on a few relatively inexpensive aspects of the Rules, the collection and recycling system has not been made convenient for the consumers to deposit e-waste in formal collection and recycling centers. Based on our findings, we argue that Indian EPR regulation should go beyond simple take-back mandates and consider implementing other policy instruments such as a deposit-refund system. An important implication for developing countries is the need for careful attention to instrument choice and design within EPR regulations.

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Journal Articles | 2017

High-performance work systems and creativity implementation: the role of psychological capital and psychological safety

Promila Agarwal and Elaine Farndale

Human Resource Management

Unimplemented creative ideas are potentially wasted opportunities for organisations. Although it is largely understood how to encourage creativity among employees, how to ensure this creativity is implemented remains underexplored. The objective of the current study is to identify the underlying mechanisms that explain the relationship between high-performance work systems and creativity implementation. Drawing from the job demands–resources model, we explore a model of psychological capital and psychological safety as mediators in the relationship between high-performance work systems and creativity implementation. Based on 505 employee survey responses, the findings show support for the mediating relationships, highlighting the importance of psychological mechanisms. The study has important implications for HRM, uncovering how people management practices can encourage creativity implementation in the workplace.

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Journal Articles | 2017

Role of personality in the formation of psychological contract.

Promila Agarwal

Global Business

The current research is aimed to investigate the association between personality and the formation of the psychological contract (PC) in India. A sample of 262 employees was used to test the hypotheses. The study provides the theoretical explanation beneath the association of personality and formation of the PC. It reveals how personality is associated with employee obligations and employer obligations. The findings have practical implications in managing the PC. The examination of the association of the PC (employee and employer obligations and fulfilment of obligations) and personality can have direct implications for human resource (HR) practitioners in managing their HR practices. The study adds to the theory of the PC by exploring one of the factors underlying the idiosyncratic nature of the PC.

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IIMA