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3818 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2024

Spatial variation and risk factors of the dual burden of childhood stunting and underweight in India: A copula geoadditive modeling approach

Dhiman Bhadra

India has one of the highest burdens of childhood undernutrition in the world. The two principal dimensions of childhood undernutrition, namely stunting and underweight can be significantly associated in a particular population, a fact that is rarely explored in the extant literature. In this study, we apply a copula geoadditive modelling framework on nationally representative data of 104,021 children obtained from the National Family Health Survey 5 to assess the spatial distribution and critical drivers of the dual burden of childhood stunting and underweight in India while accounting for this correlation. Prevalence of stunting, underweight and their co-occurrence among under 5 children were 35.37%, 28.63% and 19.45% respectively with significant positive association between the two (Pearsonian Chi square = 19346, P-value = 0). Some of the factors which were significantly associated with stunting and underweight were child gender (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.13 (1.12) for stunting (underweight)), birthweight (AOR = 1.46 (1.64) for stunting (underweight)), type of delivery (AOR = 1.12 (1.19) for stunting (underweight)), prenatal checkup (AOR = 0.94 (0.96) for stunting (underweight)) and maternal short-stature (AOR = 2.19 (1.85) for stunting (underweight)). There was significant spatial heterogeneity in the dual burden of stunting and underweight with highest prevalence being observed in eastern and western states while northern and southern states having relatively lower prevalence. Overall, the results are indicative of the inadequacy of a “one-size-fits-all” strategy and underscore the necessity of an interventional framework that addresses the nutritional deficiency of the most susceptible regions and population subgroups of the country.

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Journal Articles | 2024

What Happens when parents find violence acceptable? A case of violent humorous commercials targeted at children

Akshaya Vijayalakshmi, Russell N. Laczniak

We examine the influence of violent–humorous commercials on children and whether parental mediation can temper children’s aggressive responses to violent–humorous ads. We find that (a) violent–humorous ads lead to higher levels of aggressive affect in children, and (b) violent ads lead to higher levels of aggressive cognition and aggressive affect in children (Study 1). We also find that active parental mediation does not have the intended effect of reducing children’s aggressive responses after they view violent–humorous commercials (Study 1). This effect, which is contradictory to general expectations, occurs because parents are less likely to perceive the violent–humorous (vs. solely violent) ad as violent (Studies 2A and 2B) and, consequently, they show less interest in critically mediating the ad (Study 3). Through this study, for the first time, we show (a) the impact of violent–humorous ads on children (vs. adults); (b) the impact of violent–humorous ads on aggression (beyond attitudes toward ads); and (c) the effect of parents’ violent–humorous ad beliefs on parental mediation. The findings of our study suggest that the humor in a violent–humorous ad appears to trivialize the violence in the ad, with not-so-trivial consequences.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Cut the scrap? the impact of truck age on driver retention, driving safety, and driving productivity

Jelle de Vries, Debjit Roy

In many countries, vehicle replacement policies are implemented to reduce the average age of the vehicles on the road. Through these policies, policymakers typically aim to reduce emissions and to stimulate demand for automobiles through vehicle renewal. Not much is known however, about the more detailed operational consequences of vehicle age in truck transportation. In this study, we empirically address this issue by analyzing data obtained from 27 thousand trips made by 916 drivers in 355 unique trucks, over a period of 346 days. Using this data, we test the relationship between truck age and driver retention, productivity, and unsafe driving behavior. Our results demonstrate that truck age significantly impacts driver turnover, with every additional year of truck age relating to an approximate 5% higher risk of leaving the job at a given point in time. Contrarily, drivers with older trucks drove significantly less volatile, which suggests that they drive more safely. The results illustrate that vehicle age influences a broader spectrum of outcome measures than typically considered when assessing the expected impact of replacement policies. Policymakers and trucking companies can use these results to make more informed decisions about vehicle replacement, thereby also addressing the widespread issue of driver shortage.

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Journal Articles | 2024

I bond, I engage, I visit: Investigating the effects of vloggers tourist engagement and its outcome on tourist attitudes

Subhadip Roy, Rekha Attri

The present study investigates the effectiveness of tourism vlogs (video blogs), the parasocial bonding between the vloggers and the tourist/prospect and the wishful identification of the tourist/prospect on the different components of engagement namely, affective, cognitive and behavioral. The study also inspects the subsequent effect of the components of engagement on visit intentions and electronic word of mouth. We adopted a mixed method approach involving two focus group discussions followed by a sample survey of 541 respondents from India to construct and validate the study hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate a differential effect of parasocial bonding and wishful identification on the components of consumer engagement. Likewise, engagement components are observed to have differential effects on visit intentions and electronic word of mouth. This study extends the application of social learning theory to tourism by offering a novel perspective on how interactions with travel vlogs collectively shape customer decisions and travel intentions. Tourism marketers can capitalize on the impact of parasocial interactions and wishful identification with travel vloggers to enhance engagement and boost the dissemination of electronic word-of-mouth.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Ethicality in B2B service delivery: Examining the impact of individual and organisational ethics on firm performance through ethical leadership and climate

Sreejesh S. Subhadip Roy

The criticality of ethical practices in B2B service delivery is increasingly recognised for its substantial impact on firm performance. However, there remains a gap in understanding how ethicality at managerial and staff levels translates into tangible business outcomes in B2B contexts. This study aims to bridge this gap, focusing on the impact of ethicality on perceived service delivery performance and firm performance, mainly through ethical leadership and climate lenses. The research objectives include unravelling the dynamics between staff-level ethical perceptions and managerial-level ethical practices and their collective impact on service delivery and firm performance. Employing a multilevel data collection and analytical framework, the study collected data from 5500 employees and 110 managers, providing a comprehensive view of ethical influences across different organisational strata. This approach facilitated a nuanced examination of how ethical perceptions and behaviours permeate through the organisational hierarchy. Major findings reveal that individual-level ethical perceptions enhance service delivery through positive citizenship behaviour of the employees and reduced opportunism. A culture of shared ethical values, reinforced by robust ethical leadership and a supportive climate, significantly bolstered firm performance at the organisational level. These insights contribute significantly to B2B theory by elucidating the mechanisms through which ethicality at various levels influences firm outcomes. The study underscores the importance of fostering an ethical culture at the individual level and holistically across the organisation to enhance service delivery and achieve superior firm performance.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Environmental identity and perceived salience of policy issues in coastal communities: A moderated‑mediation analysis

Pallavi Rachel George, Vishal Gupta

Risk perception influences the perceived salience of various policy issues. In this study, we examine the pathways through which environmental identity influences the perceived salience of two kinds of policy issues—climate change (climate mitigation and climate adaptation) and development (economic growth and infrastructure). Based on a dataset of 503 respondents from coastal communities along the east coast of the United States, our findings indicate that environmental identity is associated with a greater perceived salience of climate mitigation, and that this relationship is mediated by hydrometeorological disaster risk perception. While we found no significant total effect of environmental identity on the perceived salience of climate adaptation, perceived salience of infrastructure development, and perceived salience of economic growth, hydrometeorological disaster risk perception was found to fully mediate all three relationships. Also, the mediated relationships were found to be significantly moderated by gender identity, but not by age (except for the perceived salience of infrastructure development). The study highlights the pivotal role of hydrometeorological risk perception in modifying the perceived importance of different policy issues among environmentalists and has implications for policy and planning in coastal regions.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Does David make A Goliath? Impact of rival’s expertise signals on online user engagement

Ayushi Tandon, Swanand J. Deodhar, Abhas Tandon, Abhinav Tripathi

How does information on a rival’s expertise influence the focal user’s engagement in online competitive settings? Online competitive settings differ fundamentally from other online contexts, such as e-commerce and social media platforms, explored in the prior work. This contextual distinction, we argue, is important as it determines the relationship between information about others and the focal user’s engagement. The relevance of this question relates to broader theoretical ambiguities concerning the effects of status and past performance as relative and absolute signals of expertise. Our findings are based on a field experiment in which we modified the multiround mobile two-player gaming app interface, randomly exposing players to rival’s status and past performance signals. We measure the focal user’s engagement regarding their decision to continue the game after each round. As a baseline, we find that the focal user is less likely to continue the game if the rival exhibits higher current performance. However, the rival’s status and past performance signals create strong contingencies wherein the principle effect of current performance is stronger if the rival has a high status or moderate past performance. Further, these contingent effects are partly predicated on the focal player’s motivation to compete. These findings offer several important implications for driving user engagement in online competitive settings and meaningfully advance our current understanding of the effects of status and past performance information on online engagement.

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Journal Articles | 2024

The impact of board characteristics on the financial slack–CSR relationship: Evidence from the Indian hospitality and tourism industry

Shobha Tewari, S. Karthika, Bibek Bhattacharya, Manisha Singal

Extant research in the hospitality and tourism (H&T) industry has largely ignored the influence of contextual factors like institutional environment and board characteristics on the financial slack and CSR relationship. Our study combines the institutional differences hypothesis, slack resource theory, and agency theory to provide a nuanced understanding of this relationship in the context of the H&T industry in India. Using a panel of 464 firms from three H&T sectors between 2011 and 2019, our analyses indicate a U-shaped relationship between financial slack and CSR intensity, and a positive moderating effect of board gender diversity and board independence. We show how resource-constrained H&T firms in emerging markets with underdeveloped institutions deploy slack resources towards CSR and, rather than setting a minimum threshold, we posit that governmental policies should strengthen capital markets so that H&T firms can voluntarily invest in strategic CSR. Further, strengthening board diversity policies enables H&T firms to invest in CSR organically.

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Journal Articles | 2024

“Thriving at the Margins”: Understanding workplace mistreatment and the impostor phenomenon among Latina faculty in STEM

Devasmita Chakraverty

Impostor phenomenon among Latina faculty in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is understudied. Latinas hold only 1.7% of all STEM-related jobs, experiencing both mistreatment (conscious and unconscious; physical, and mental forms of harassment and violence) and impostor phenomenon (feeling like a fraud and the inability to internalize success). Using Crenshaw’s theory of intersectionality, this exploratory study examined how Latina STEM faculty related their impostor phenomenon with interpersonal mistreatment. This qualitative study examined the intersectionality of multiple identities: professional, personal, and cultural, related to their impostor experiences, among 13 participants. One-on-one phone interviews were analyzed inductively. Thematic analysis revealed that interviewees experienced explicit or implicit messaging at work; mistreatment of colleagues and students; and the internalization of mistreatment. Multiple identities (cultural identity as Latina, gender identity, and professional identity as STEM faculty) intersected, contributing to feelings of being marginalized. This is the first study to examine how Latina faculty thrive at the margins, being told that they do not belong in STEM and their minority background got them the position. This study positions impostor phenomenon as more than an internal feeling and critically examines power structures that keep minorities at the periphery.

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Journal Articles | 2024

Asymmetric uncertainty around earnings announcements: Evidence from options markets

Sumit Saurav Sobhesh Kumar Agarwalla Jayanth R. Varma

We use the Indian stock options market to study the evolution of uncertainty and asymmetric uncertainty around earnings announcements (EAs). We find that uncertainty (implied volatility) and asymmetric uncertainty (options skew) increase monotonically before the EA day and decrease after EA. Options volume (relative to spot and to futures) also exhibits similar behavior, suggesting that informed investors prefer options markets to spot and futures markets. Both options skew and put-to-call volume ratio can predict the sign of the EA surprise one day before EA, indicating that price discovery and information assimilation happen in the options market.

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