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2751 items in total found

Working Papers | 1974

Development of an Entrepreneur: A Behaviouristic Model

T. V. Rao

The paper presents a 5-step behaviouristic model for the development of entrepreneurs. The stages are (1) entrepreneurial dispositions, (2) decisions to be an entrepreneur; (3) professional socialization; (4) environmental explorations; and (5) organizational socialization. Several factors characterizing each stage are discussed. The model is a sequential decision process model. Research studies conducted in India have been quoted to support the different factors contributing to each stage and the process of the development of entrepreneurship. Implications of the model for future researches, selection and training of entrepreneurs have been discussed.

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Working Papers | 1974

Structured Interviews and FRM Acceptability

Pareek Udai and T. V. Rao

This paper discusses the structured interview technique for cross-cultural studies on the acceptance of fertility regulation methods (FRM). Procedural requirements like purpose, preparation of the schedule, sequencing response structures, scaling reliability, validity and authenticity, interviewer and his personality, respondents, interviewing process, type of data yielded and data collection procedures have been discussed. A methodological note on designing research to study the attributes of fertility regulation methods has also been appended. This deals with a combination of different scaling techniques. This paper has practical relevance to product attribute researches.

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Working Papers | 1974

Stochastic Models for Stock Price Fluctuations

Rangan A and Kalro A H

Two models for the stock price fluctuations are proposed. Defining a stochastic integral Y(t) for the cumulative stock price change, the first model deals with the transformed solution of the probability density function of Y(t). Introducing the serial dependence of the inputs, a semi-Markov model is proposed for the stock price fluctuations. The moments of Y(t) are obtained from an integral equation for the characteristic function of Y(t).

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Working Papers | 1974

Inter-Role Exploration: An Od Intervention

Pareek Udai

Role is the central concept in understanding the dynamics of an organization. The concepts of role space (relationship amongst all the roles an individual occupies) and role set (relationship of the role with other significant roles in the organization) are important in understanding role dynamics. Four stresses relating to the role space (self-role, distance, intrarole conflict, role growth stress, and inter-role conflict) and four stresses relating to the role set (role ambiguity, role overload, role-role distance, and role erosion) are stated as important role stresses. Functional strategies-confronting the stress to manage it --are distinguished from dysfunctional strategies-avoiding the stress. An approach to promote functional strategies in an organization is described. The approach promotes mutuality, creativity, confrontation, and exploration. The following are involved in IRE: concept discussion, role set mapping, image sharing, role linkage, role expectation conflicts, role erosion, analysis of organizational climate and role negotiation.

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Working Papers | 1974

Communal Conflict in India with Special Reference to July 1973 Riots in Ahmedabad

Saiyadain M S

This study was purely exploratory in nature. Though it touched upon the causes and remedy of communal riots in India, its main thrust was to understand July 1973 riots in Ahmedabad. In order to meaningfully comprehend the problem of communal conflict, it was viewed from the point of view of the proximity of living of the two religious groups Hindus and Muslims in Ahmedabad. Using open ended schedule 80 respondents were interviewed individually. Results indicate that by and large leadership and administrative set up were pointed out as causes and faith in the members of other community plus efficient police administration as cures of communal problems in India in general and Ahmedabad in particular. Suggestions are also made for the management of communal conflict.

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Working Papers | 1974

Fieldwork in a Factory

Sheth N R

In this paper, the author discusses his experiences of field work in a factory for collecting data for sociological research. As the main methodological approach in this study was social, anthropological, i.e. based on participant observation, the author reflects on the symbiotic relationship between the field worker and his field of study. The paper describes the human aspect of such research and analyses how the personality of a researcher influences the final outcome of the research.

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Working Papers | 1974

Economics of Scale in the Indian Cement Industry

Gupta G S

The paper purports to investigate the existence or otherwise of economies of scale in the Indian cement industry. The investigation is attempted through the estimation of cost-output (sales) relationships both from the time series and cross-section data and both at the industry level and at the firm level. Furthermore, at the industry level the cost-output relationships have been estimated separately for All-India, Bihar, and Madras, the regional classification for which the time-series data are available. The relationships between the cost components (material cost, labour cost and depreciation cost) and the output have also been determined to identify the sources of economies or diseconomies of scale. It is found that the industry is dominated by the L-shaped average cost curve and horizontal marginal cost curve. In other words, the industry is found to be still operating in the first half of the U-shaped average cost curve and thus cement firms have not yet reached their optimum size. Significant economies of scale exist only with respect to labour costs in All-India and Bihar and total costs in Associated Cement Companies Ltd, Jaipur Udyog Ltd, Mysore Cement Ltd and Sone Valle Portland Cement Company Ltd; significant diseconomies exist only with respect to total cost and material cost in Madras industries. Inter-regional comparison has indicated that expansion of the industry in places other than Bihar and Madras and contraction of Madras firms will be beneficial from the side of cost. Among the four cement firms considered the Associated Cement Companies is enjoying the maximum economics of scale. Its sales elasticity of total cost at sample means is 0.42.

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Working Papers | 1974

Some Results on the Use of Random Numbers in Sampling from Finite and Infinite Populations

Sabharwal Y P

Conceptual framework is provided for some of the well known ideas relevant to the use of random numbers for sampling. Results on the efficient choice of d (the number of digits in the column of random numbers) are envisaged to be of use to the practitioner in designing a simulation exercise. The exact and appropriate methods of sampling in different situations are also given. Most of the work is limited to univariate populations, but briefly methods are indicated for dealing with bivariate or multivariate cases.

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Working Papers | 1974

Capital Expenditures in Corporate Sector - A Forecast for 1974

C Rangarajan

An attempt is made in this paper to forecast investment in the private corporate sector for the year 1974 by using the data available with the three leading term lending institutions. The data cost relevant in this context are the time phasing of capital expenditures on projects sanctioned by these institutions in the current and in the previous years. Given the long time lag involved in obtaining and analysing data on company finances which is now the source for obtaining estimates on capital formation in the corporate sector, our method besides helping to formation in the corporate sector, our method besides helping to forecast, fills an important gap by providing within a short period of the end of a year an indication of the direction and quantum of investment in corporate private sector in that year. The major conclusion drawn is that even allowing for price changes, the total capital expenditures in 1974 by the corporate sector would be higher than that in 1973. The new commitments made in 1973 and in early 1974 indicate that investment in certain key industries may be lagging behind. As of now, the picture for 1975 is not encouraging unless there is a dramatic change in the investment climate during 1975 itself.

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Working Papers | 1974

Feasibility of Institutional Financing for Dairy Development

George P S and Srivastava Uma Kant

A commercial bank had undertaken an Integrated Development Project for dairy development in collaboration with a dairy plant. The scheme envisaged the supply of bank finances to the farmers for the purchase of quality cattle and repayments through milk supply to the dairy. A sample of beneficiaries were contacted to find out the impact of bank finances on their income. Also the impact of the scheme on the dairy's milk supply and the viability of this scheme as a commercial proposition was analysed. The findings of the study indicate that commercial lending institutions could join hands with organized dairies to advance money for purchasing cattle; this process would benefit the farmers, the dairy plants, and the bank. The implementation of such schemes could go a long way in improving the incomes of small farmers and at the same time increasing the production of milk in the milk shed areas of organized dairies.

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