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3556 items in total found

Working Papers | 1995

Exploiting the Potential of the Indian Software Industry

Chaudhari Shekhar and Dasgupta C B

This paper reports the findings of a study designed to understand the process of technology development with special reference to the nature of interaction between software firms and the technology supporting institutions catering to the industry in the context of the external environmental trends. The software industry has experienced very rapid growth in recent times. During the second half of the decade of the eighties exports overtook the domestic turnover. The successes of the industry in the last few years must, however, be seen in the global context which would bring about a sobering effect. The Indian software industry accounts for only 2 per cent of the world's software output. This fact may be interpreted in two ways; (a) the Indian industry is far, far behind the world's leaders and (b) on the contrary the recent resurgence of the industry and the small global share indicates the presence of certain strengths that may be exploited to reach a significantly higher level. The paper describes the developments in the industry in an evolutionary perspective and presents the findings from (a) interview survey of 18 firms, (b) mail survey of 26 firms and (c) interview of relevant technology institutions. Finally implication for technology institutions, firms and the government are drawn.

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Working Papers | 1995

Fertilizer Plant Modelling: A Simulation Study

Girja Sharan, Tripathy Arabinda, and Kumar M Krishna

A Simulation model of a fertilizer plant has been made. It includes activities from production to despatch, from the plant site. Input to the model is daily demand which comes to the plant as despatch instructions. The model includes provision for internal generation of realistic daily demand. Output gives the state of the system at any desired interval of time. Simulation reports can be used by managers for planning logistics and other operational aspects at the plant site. SLAM II has been used for modelling.

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Working Papers | 1995

Privitization of Ports - Framework for Governmental Action

G. Raghuram

Given the delays and congestions at ports, leading to extensive demurrage charges for ships, a lot of attention on improving port productivity through better management systems and infrastructure developments are being considered. Privatization of ports at various levels is being proposed as a structural solution. The Government of India as well as many of the coastal states in India are examining this issue rather seriously. The author has been involved in a study for a state with a large coastline having over forty notified ports, on this issue of privatization. The objectives of this study were to examine and recommend” (a) Which of the present ports should be privatized? (b) Possible locations for future privately owned ports based on traffic considerations. (c) Which of the port-related services should be privatized? (d) The terms and conditions for selecting the parties for private ownership and/or provision of services. (e) The process of smooth implementation of privatization. As part of the methodology, the author also studied the experiences of a few countries abroad as well as nearly 10 major ports spread all over the country. This paper reports on this study and the development of a conceptual framework for governmental action for privatization of ports.

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Working Papers | 1995

Discovering People Potential: Organizational Constraints and Facilitators

M. R. Dixit and Deepti Bhatnagar

The paper highlights the importance of discovering people potential for organizations. It argues that constant search for people potential in teams and as individuals has to be an important item on organizational agenda, more so in the current context of rapid changes in the environment of today's organizations. Potential discovery processes are needed for fuller utilisation of talents which often remain unidentified and underdeveloped. After presenting a conceptual framework, the paper discusses organizational factors which influence the potential discovery process. It presents the case study of a successful organization which has consciously chosen systems and processes that facilitate the discovery, development and utilisation of people potential. Need for organizational mechanisms to sustain the potential discovery process is emphasised.

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Working Papers | 1995

Availability and Work Targets of Bulldozers

Khandwalla P N, Girja Sharan, and Kumar M Krishna

Setting work targets for machines is an important task for engineering managers, especially where they operate large fleets with machines of different makes and ages. Setting uniform work targets is easier but it does not take into account operating characteristics of machines which could differ with make and change with age. It is suggested here that using analysis of availability of machines can provide an alternate basis to set work targets. Availability analysis of bulldozers is reported here which suggests the feasibility of achieving higher work targets compared to the present 1000 hours per season.

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Working Papers | 1995

Meta Processes for Organizational Excellence in Developing Societies

Khandwalla P N

As societies in transition, involved in modernisation, nation building, socio-economic transformation, and increasing globalisation of their economies, developing societies must evolve forms of organizational excellence appropriate to their context. Several meta processes drawing their strength in part from the organizational and behavioural sciences are presented. These are: revitalisation of sick organizations, institutionalisation of durable excellence, nurturance of creative excellence, development of competitive excellence, and nurturance of missionary excellence. These processes can be combined in various ways to raise organizational quality. A better understanding of these meta processes may contribute to evolving high performing organizations in developing societies, possibly in the rest of the world also. These meta processes can enlarge current notions of organizational development, human resource development, and transformational leadership.

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Working Papers | 1995

Trade Related Intellectual in India: A Review of Issues and Evidence

Rakesh Basant

Any analysis of the Intellectual Property Rights relating to the seed industry in India needs to take congnizance of three inter-related issues: (a) that the current debate on IPRs is part of a larger debate on issues relating to GATT; (b) that the options on IPRs are intricately linked to the New Economic Policy and the accompanying liberalisation process; and (c) that the IPRs relating to plant varieties need to be seen in a broader framework of the seed policy pursued by the government. In this background, this paper reviews the available literature and data to explore the impact of IPRs on the seed industry in India. The paper begins with a description of technological, structural and policy contexts of the seed industry in India. Given these characteristics and evidence from other countries, the likely impact of the seed industry related IPRs is explored. Finally, some policy options available to developing countries like India in the emerging world order are briefly discussed.

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Working Papers | 1995

Product Planning and Models of Diffusion-I

Girja Sharan

First purchase sales volume curve of box type solar cooker indicated that the product has passed maturity in Gujarat. We have initiated collaborative redesign work to improve the product. Central element of redesign concept is the addition of an electrical back up. This will enable users to cook food even when insolation and or ambient temperatures are low. It is hoped that this will enhance the appeal of the cooker. It is important to estimate the market potential and the likely growth trajectory of the 'new' cooker. One of the ways suggested in marketing literature is to identify an existing product which may be 'analogous' to the new product and use it to draw diffusion related inferences. This is the aim of the present work which will be reported in two parts. In this first part, we review works relating to diffusion of products in India and present results of using Bass model to describe the growth of the present cooker. In the second part to be reported later, we will explore the use of diffusion models as aid to identify product analogues.

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Working Papers | 1995

Indian Aluminium Industry: A Perspective

M. R. Dixit and Venugopal R

This paper looks at the various facets of the aluminium industry such as government policy, user profile, industry structure, financial and physical performance, exports and imports and firm level management issues, and draws a perspective of the industry. The key observations are as follows: Till the early seventies private entrepreneurs played a leading role in shaping the industry. The Government entered the Aluminium industry with the setting up of Bharat Aluminium Company but, it gained prominence with the setting up of National Aluminium Company (Nalco). The industry has adopted and assimilated technologies acquired form leading international players. The assimilation of technology has been sufficient to operate plants at designed efficiency levels but has not led to the accumulation of expertise which can be a source for indigenous technological development. No major indigenous technological innovations have taken place in the Aluminium industry. Among the major aluminium producing countries in the world, India ranks tenth. India's production of approximately 500,000 tons of Aluminium represented about 3.5 % of the world production of Aluminium and half the production of China. The major constraints in taking a significant place in the world market appear to be steady and uninterrupted supply of power. In the context of liberalisation, investment in this sector by the aluminium companies themselves or agreements with the existing or new comers in the power sector could ease the situation.

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Working Papers | 1995

Castor Revolution in Gujarat, India: What Made it Successful?

Tewari Devi D

This paper explains why castor hybrids had a spectacular success in Gujarat. It develops a model and uses it to explain step by step changes that took place in the castor economy of Gujara.

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