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626 items in total found

Journal Articles | 2023

Temporal dynamics of justice climate and team innovation

Neha Tripathi and Sukanya Sangar

Frontiers in Psychology

Team innovation—exploration and exploitation of useful and novel ideas by a team has been a topic of great importance for organizations in today’s dynamic, complex, and competitive environment. Grounded in the social contagion theory of justice, we theorize a justice-to-innovation processual model based on within-team justice climate occurrences that change over time. We posit that collective and shared justice perceptions of team members construct dynamically based on justice-related work events. Within teams, state justice climate level and strength (represented by the Mean and the low-SD scores of individual team members in the moment or an episode) are important precursors of team innovation. The proposed theoretical model explicates an emotional contagion process arguing that positive and negative team affect states mediate the relationship between state justice climate and team innovation. Positive/negative team affect states result in collective actions and team interactions that foster/hinder team innovation. The present article significantly contributes to the development of the dynamical models of justice and innovation for teams where most research is confined to static models of justice climate.

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Journal Articles | 2023

The story of this special issue on critical perspectives in work and organizational psychology

Ruth Abrams, P. Matthijs Bal, Premilla D'Cruz, Severin Hornung, Gazi Islam, Matthew McDonald, Zoe Sanderson and Maria José Tonelli

Applied Psychology: An international review

In this editorial, we tell the story of how the Special Issue on Critical Perspectives in Work and Organizational Psychology (CWOP) came about, how it fits within the broader agenda of building a critical community within Work and Organizational Psychology, and how future research and thought may be inspired by the collection of critical papers related to work and organizational psychology. We introduce the term “criticalizing” as a key concept in how the Special Issue was developed by the editorial team and the authors. Criticalizing moves beyond fixed static notions of “critical” scholarship toward a process of engaging in more fluid, expansive, and creative perspectives on the scholarship within work and organizational psychology. We illustrate how the set of papers within the Special Issue engages in such criticalizing of the field and offer new ways of thinking about and researching relevant topics in work and organizational psychology.

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Journal Articles | 2023

Multiple allocation hub location with service level constraints for two shipment classes

Sachin Jayaswal, Navneet Vidyarthi

European Journal of Operational Research

In this paper, we study a hub network design problem arising in the context of a third-party logistics (3PL) service provider, which acts as an intermediary between shippers and carriers. A 3PL service provider usually caters to different classes of shipments that require different levels of service, e.g. two-day delivery, next-day delivery etc. We, therefore, study the problem under stochastic demand from two classes of shipments, with one class receiving priority over the other in service at the hubs to maintain the different service levels required by them. To this end, we present two models for designing a capacitated hub network with a service level constraint, defined using the distribution of time spent at hubs, for each shipment class. The models seek to design the hub network at the minimum total cost, which includes the total fixed cost of equipping open hubs with sufficient processing capacity and the variable transportation costs. The network of hubs, given their locations, is thus modeled as spatially distributed priority queues. The resulting model is challenging to solve, for which we propose a cutting plane-based exact solution method.

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Journal Articles | 2023

National digital infrastructure and India’s health care sector: Physician’s perspectives

Rajesh Chandwani, Saneesh Edacherian and Mukesh Sud

The Qualitative Report

Patient-centric digital infrastructure can potentially enhance the efficiency of healthcare systems. However, even in developed nations, evidence suggests low adoption rates for such infrastructure and lack of support from clinicians is considered as one of the most critical hindering factors. In this study, we examine physicians' perceptions of the proposed large-scale information technology initiative in India that aims to transform the health sector and provide universal health coverage to all residents of India. We employed the information ecology lens to understand the broader changes in the healthcare system that could result from the initiative. We use focus group discussion and in-depth interviews to comprehend the perceptions of doctors about the initiative. Drawing upon Foucault’s conceptualization of power, we find that physicians, the key stakeholders in this initiative, are skeptical about the changes in the locus of power in the new ecosystem. Specifically, they perceive that knowledge power has shifted from a historical “expert knowledge power” to power related to “data management.” The physicians believe that changes are expected to manifest through monitoring, controlling, and managing the data rather than providing knowledge-based services. We present recommendations to engage physicians' perspectives in implementing large-scale patient-centric digital infrastructure.

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Journal Articles | 2023

Litigating Barbie: trade mark infringement, parody and free speech

M. P. Ram Mohan, and Aditya Gupta

Delaware Journal of Corporate Law

In the contemporary marketplace, trade marks are not mere monikers of origin. While often regarded as commercial symbols, trade marks sometimes become part of the commonplace vocabulary and are indelibly linked to expressing ideas and thoughts. In recent years, the dichotomy of expansive protection offered through the trade mark law and use of marks as part of expressive vocabulary has become increasingly controversial. One such trade mark which has amassed immense communicative strength is Mattel Inc.’s Barbie. The mark has assumed an enduring prominence in contemporary language and has assumed the status of a cultural icon. The present study examines the regulation of expressive secondary uses of trade marks by employing Barbie as a case study. Comparatively analysing the treatment of the Barbie mark in India, the USA, and Canada, the authors underline an imperative need to adopt a legislative framework to protect the expressive and artistic secondary use of popular trade marks.

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Journal Articles | 2023

Emerging practices and research issues for big data analytics in freight transportation

Michael F. Gorman, John-Paul Clarke, René de Koster, Michael Hewitt, Debjit Roy, and Mei Zhang

Maritime Economics & Logistics

Freight transportation has been experiencing a renaissance in data sources, storage, and dissemination of data to decision makers in the last decades, resulting in new approaches to business and new research streams in analytics to support them. We provide an overview of developments in both practice and research related to big data analytics (BDA) in each of the major areas of freight transportation: air, ocean, rail, and truck. In each case, we first describe new capabilities in practice, and avenues of research given these evolving capabilities. New data sources, volumes and timeliness directly affect the way the industry operates, and how future researchers in these fields will structure their work. We discuss the evolving research agenda due to BDA and formulate fundamental research questions for each mode of freight transport.

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Journal Articles | 2023

Mutual fund asset allocation during COVID-19: evidence from an emerging market

Joshy Jacob, Nilesh Gupta, and Balagopal Gopalakrishnan

Applied Economics

The paper examines the investment decisions of Indian equity mutual funds during various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic with monthly portfolio holdings. We find that funds favoured firms with lower risk, higher financial flexibility, and larger size during the early months of the pandemic. The preference for relatively low-risk firms, which reverses later, suggests a reallocation towards safer assets. Funds also preferred growth firms to value firms as the latter with greater invested capital are more vulnerable to the shock. Institutional investors also favoured group-affiliated firms throughout, reflecting their lower crisis vulnerability. We find that the stocks preferred by funds during the pandemic outperform others in the long run. The paper brings out key firm characteristics that impact mutual fund asset allocation during extreme uncertainty.

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Journal Articles | 2023

A General purpose exact solution method for mixed integer concave minimization problems

Ankur Sinha, Arka Das, Guneshwar Anand, and Sachin Jayaswal

European Journal of Operational Research

In this article, we discuss an exact algorithm for solving mixed integer concave minimization problems. A piecewise inner-approximation of the concave function is achieved using an auxiliary linear program that leads to a bilevel program, which provides a lower bound to the original problem. The bilevel program is reduced to a single level formulation with the help of Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions. Incorporating the KKT conditions lead to complementary slackness conditions that are linearized using BigM, for which we identify a tight value for general problems. Multiple bilevel programs, when solved over iterations, guarantee convergence to the exact optimum of the original problem. Though the algorithm is general and can be applied to any optimization problem with concave function(s), in this paper, we solve two common classes of operations and supply chain problems; namely, the concave knapsack problem, and the concave production-transportation problem. The computational experiments indicate that our proposed approach outperforms the customized methods that have been used in the literature to solve the two classes of problems by an order of magnitude in most of the test cases.

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Journal Articles | 2023

Predicting the outbreak of epidemics using a network-based approach

Saikat Das, Indranil Bose, and Uttam Kumar Sarkar

European Journal of Operational Research

The spread of epidemics is a common societal problem across the world. Can operational research be used to predict such outbreaks? While equation-based approaches are used to model the trajectory of epidemics, can a network-based approach also be used? This paper presents an innovative application of epidemic modelling through the design of both approaches and compares between the two. The network-based approach proposed in this paper allows implementing heterogeneity at the level of individuals and incorporates flexibility in the variety of situations the model can be applied to. In contrast to the equation-based approach, the network-based approach can address the role of individual differences, network properties, and patterns of social contacts responsible for the spread of epidemics but are much more complex to implement. In this paper, we simulated the spread of infection at the beginning of Covid-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) using both approaches. The results are showcased using empirical data for eight countries. Sophisticated measures, including partial curve mapping, are used to compare the simulated results with the actual number of infections. We find that the plots generated by the network-based approach match the empirical data better than the equation-based approach. While both approaches can be used to predict the spread of infections, we conclusively show that the proposed network-based approach is better suited with its ability to model the spread of epidemics at the level of an individual. Hence, this can be a model of choice for epidemiologists who are interested to model the spread of an epidemic.

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Journal Articles | 2023

Movies, stigma and choice: Evidence from the pharmaceutical industry

Mayank Aggarwal, Anindya S. Chakrabarti, and Chirantan Chatterjee

Health Economics

Do movies reduce stigma, increasing healthcare product choices offered by firms? We provide causal evidence on this question in the context of Indian pharmaceutical markets. For unpacking these effects, we use an exogenous shock to the market due to the release of a Bollywood blockbuster movie - My Name is Khan (MNIK) where the protagonist, superstar Shahrukh Khan, suffers from Asperger's Syndrome (AS). Using a difference-in-differences design, we find a positive and statistically significant effect of MNIK (between 14% and 22% increase in variety sold and prescribed) on product differentiation and choices in the market for antipsychotic medicines used to clinically treat AS. Results are consistent using alternative controls, a placebo treatment-based test and with a variety of other robustness checks. Our findings document likely for the first-time, supply side responses to edutainment and suggests potential associated welfare effects in healthcare markets characterized by sticky demand. Implications for global health and public policy given worldwide concerns around a mental wellness epidemic with Covid-19 are discussed.

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